最近，MYP中學英語語言與文學課程的學生在閱讀娜塔莉·巴比特（Natalie Babbit）的經典小說《永遠的狄家（Tuck Everlasting）》時，發出了一個疑問——“每個犯罪的人都應該受到懲罰嗎？”

《永遠的狄家》是一部奇幻小說，它以19世紀為時代背景，讓讀者從客觀的角度來衡量一系列現實問題，例如生命的輪回、貪婪的心理，和是非對錯的命題。為了讓學生更深入地探究書中情節，教師將他們帶進了一場模擬法庭中……

(資料圖片僅供參考)

“Should everyone who commits a crime be punished?”The MYP English Language and Literature students faced this dilemma after reading Natalie Babbit’s classic novelTuck Everlasting.

Set in the 1800s, this fantasy novel allows students to consider realistic themes such as the circle of life, greediness, and right vs wrong in a more objective way. To help students better understand the reality and inquiry more deeply, they are led into a mock trial...

在模擬法庭開庭前，學生在運用其研究能力進行調查時發現，在很多國家的陪審團審判案件中，審判結果并不是由法官來決定的，而是由一群守法的公民（陪審團）決定的。學生進一步發現，普通人比法官更容易被打動，因為他們更傾向于傾聽一個令人信服的故事，并根據當下的情景來決定審判結果。

Using our research skills, we found out about jury trials in other countries where the outcome of a case is decided not by a judge but by a group of law-abiding citizens.We found out further that ordinary people are much easier to persuade than judges because they tend to listen to a compelling story and make a decision based on who they believe should win under the circumstances.

上圖為部分章節，為學生結合小說情節和其他模擬法庭范本而創作的模擬法庭劇本。

The picture above shows one of the pages of the mock trial script created by students combining the plot of the book and other mock trial samples.

學生共同制作了模擬法庭的腳本，了解審判過程和庭審角色。他們被分為了控方和辯方兩組，學習著如何撰寫辯詞。在教師的引導下，他們學會設計有效的問題，為有罪或無罪的判決結果提供有力的證據。

Armed with a sample mock trial script, we learned about the trial process and people’s specific roles in a court case. We divided into prosecution and defense groups and then learned how to write argumentative speeches. We worked on crafting effective questions that could support a guilty or not guilty verdict.

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引導學生充分了解和參與現實世界中的事務是深嵌于TWIS教育使命中的一種實踐方式。讓教育與現實接軌，引導學生掌握必要的技能從而更好地掌握世界。猶如學生在模擬法庭結束后所撰寫的，這一切的教學效果都正在發生……

Having students engage in situations that exist in the real world is one way for TWIS to enact its mission to equip them with the necessary skills to navigate the world. These are evident in the confessions… rather the reflections of the participants:

扮演“辯方證人”的學生May說：“我學會了如何對問題進行換位思考，因為小說人物Mae Tuck的案件是一個非常具有挑戰性的課題。以前我認為Mae是無罪的，但我從來沒有想過為什么和如何去論證，也沒有想過她可能是有罪的。我認為這次的經歷可以幫助我在未來的辯論中表現得更出色。”

May as Witness for the Defense:“ I learned how to think of things from different perspectives because Mae Tuck’s case is a very challenging subject. Before I would have thought that Mae was not guilty, but I had never thought of why and how to prove it, or the possibility that she could be guilty. I think that this can help me to become better at debates in the future.”

扮演“控方證人”的學生Alice說：“我學會了如何與我的組員合作和溝通。在編輯劇本的過程中，我們討論了如何推理結論或做決定，并將我們所有的想法集結起來。下一次，我想我可以做更多的準備和研究，為我的辯詞提供更多的證據，并學會在模擬審判中保持自信和平常心。”

Alice as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned how to collaborate and communicate with my teammates. We discussed finding a conclusion or do some decisions during the editing of the script and summarized all our ideas together. Next time, I think I can prepare and research more to have more evidence for the defense and feel more confident and comfortable during the mock trial.”

扮演“控方證人”的學生Chael說：“我發現在未來我或許還可以成為一名還不錯的法醫專家，因為我察覺到我是一個很好的觀察者，對于一些重要的事項都會做筆記。關于反思，因為在這次的模擬法庭中我忘記打印證據了，如果還有下次，我會提前把我準備好的醫療報告打印出來，這些報告都可以作為證據來使用。”

Chael as Witness for the Prosecution: “I learned that I may not be a bad forensic scientist in the future because I know that I am a good observer and I take notes on things that are important. Next time I would print out the medical report I prepared because in the mock trial I forgot to print it which could be submitted as evidence.”

扮演“行政官”和“書記員”的學生Yanyan說：“我了解到擔任法庭書記員這一職位的不易，因為他們要詳盡地記下筆記，并說出每一位在場人士的名字和職業等等。下次我們會更深思熟慮，多考慮后果才能在案件審判中獲勝。”

Yanyan as Bailiff and Clerk: “I learnt that being a court clerk isn"t easy because they have to jot down notes, state everyone’s name and profession and so much more. Next time we should think of the questions with much thought and consider the consequences more to win a case.”

扮演“辯方律師”的學生Nathan說：“從這次的模擬法庭中，我學到了三件事。第一，如何審查證據并依此推理結論；第二，強有力的論據可以改變人們的看法；第三，學會如何發表令人信服的辯詞和提出問題從而更好地推動案件的發展。”

Nathan as Defense Lawyer: “I learned three things from this activity. First, how to examine the evidence and draw a conclusion. Second, by using strong arguments you can change people’s perceptions. Third, how to deliver convincing statements and ask questions that benefit my case.”

扮演“辯方證人”的學生Luna說："我學會我必須準備好所有辯方可能問我的問題。回答的方式既可以對我的辯方團隊有利，也可以對控方團隊有利，所以我在回答問題時盡量表現出我的情感，這樣陪審團才會對我加以信任。”

Luna as Witness for the Defense: “I had to be ready to face questions that the prosecution could ask me. The way to answer can either benefit my team or the opposing team so I tried to add emotions when answering questions so the jury would believe and trust me.”

扮演“控方律師/檢察官”的學生Gabriel說：“我了解到一場審判是如何進行的，以及它所包含的所有元素和角色，例如陪審團、書記員和判決流程。我發現，我在壓力下或者在法庭上，我會緊張得忘記我需要說的話，所以我需要花更多時間來確保我對自己的臺詞熟記于心。”

Gabriel as the Prosecuting Attorney: “I learned how trials typically work, and all its aspects including the jury, clerk and sentencing. I learned that under pressure or on stage I can get nervous and forget what I need to say so I would need to spend more time on making sure I knew my lines by heart.”

特別鳴謝 Special Thanks to

Ms. Ann and Mr. Jason